Today’s laws are also specifically crafted to exclude people, but operate in narrower confines thanks to multiple court cases, the Voting Rights Act and constant activism from civil rights groups. I think you are arguing about legalities; I am arguing about the intended, real-world effect policies have on who can participate in our democracy.
Here’s a good book that covers the franchise from colonial times to the present day: https://amazon.com/Right-Vote-Contested-History-Democracy/dp/0465005020?sa-no-redirect=1
And if you’re interested in figuring out why you disagree with someone, here’s a cool article about the truth: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Truth